ASTM E1366-23
(Practice)Standard Practice for Standardized Aquatic Microcosms: Fresh Water
Standard Practice for Standardized Aquatic Microcosms: Fresh Water
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A microcosm test is conducted to obtain information concerning toxicity or other effects of a test material on the interactions among three trophic levels (primary, secondary, and detrital) and the competitive interactions within each trophic level. As with most natural aquatic ecosystems, the microcosms depend upon algal production (primary production) to support the grazer trophic level (secondary production), which along with the microbial community are primarily responsible for the nutrient recycling necessary to sustain primary production. Microcosm initial condition includes some detritus (chitin and cellulose) and additional detritus is produced by the system. The microcosms include ecologically important processes and organisms representative of ponds and lakes, but are non-site specific. To the extent possible, all solutions are mixtures of distilled water and reagent grade chemicals (see Section 8) and all organisms are available in commercial culture collections.
5.2 The species used are easy to culture in the laboratory and some are routinely used for single species toxicity tests (Guide E729; Practice D3978, Guides E1192 and E1193). Presumably acute toxicity test results with some of these species would be available prior to the decision to undertake the microcosm test. If available, single species toxicity results would aid in distinguishing between indirect and direct effects.
5.3 These procedures are based mostly on published methods (4-6), interlaboratory testing (7-10, 11), intermediate studies (12-23, 24), statistical studies (25-27) and mathematical simulation results (28). Newer studies on jet fuels have been reported (29)(See 15.1 for multivariate statistical analyses) and on the implications of multispecies testing for pesticide registration (30). Environmental Protection Agency, (EPA) and Food and Drug Administration, (FDA) published similar microcosm tests (31). The methods described here were used to determine the criteria for A...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining data concerning toxicity and other effects of a test material to a multi-trophic level freshwater community, independent of the location of the test.
1.2 These procedures also might be useful for studying the fate of test materials and transformation products, although modifications and additional analytical procedures might be necessary.
1.3 Modification of these procedures might be justified by special needs or circumstances. Although using appropriate procedures is more important than following prescribed procedures, results of tests conducted using unusual procedures are not likely to be comparable to results of many other tests. Comparison of results obtained using modified and unmodified versions of these procedures might provide useful information concerning new concepts and procedures for conducting multi-trophic level tests.
1.4 This practice is arranged as follows:
Section
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Practice
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
Facilities
6.1
Container
6.2
Equipment
6.3
Hazards
7
Microcosm Components
8
Medium
8.1
Medium Preparation
8.2
Sediment
8.3
Microcosm Assembly
8.4
Test Material
9
General
9.1
Stock Solution
9.2
Nutrient Control
9.3
Test Organisms
10
Algae
10.1
Animals
10.2
Specificity of Organisms
10.3
Sources
10.4
Algal Culture Maintenance
10.5
Animal Culture Maintenance
10.6
Procedure
11
Experimental Design
11.1
Inoculation
11.2
Culling
11.3
Addition of Test Material
11.4
Measurements
11.5
Reinoculations
11.6
Analytical Methodology
12
Data Processing
13
Calculations of Variables from Measurements
14
Statistical Analyses ...
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1366 − 23
Standard Practice for
1
Standardized Aquatic Microcosms: Fresh Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1366; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
Algae 10.1
Animals 10.2
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining data
Specificity of Organisms 10.3
concerning toxicity and other effects of a test material to a Sources 10.4
Algal Culture Maintenance 10.5
multi-trophic level freshwater community, independent of the
Animal Culture Maintenance 10.6
location of the test.
Procedure 11
Experimental Design 11.1
1.2 These procedures also might be useful for studying the
Inoculation 11.2
fate of test materials and transformation products, although
Culling 11.3
Addition of Test Material 11.4
modifications and additional analytical procedures might be
Measurements 11.5
necessary.
Reinoculations 11.6
Analytical Methodology 12
1.3 Modification of these procedures might be justified by
Data Processing 13
special needs or circumstances. Although using appropriate
Calculations of Variables from Measurements 14
procedures is more important than following prescribed Statistical Analyses 15
Acceptability of Test 16
procedures, results of tests conducted using unusual procedures
Interpretation of Results 17
are not likely to be comparable to results of many other tests.
Report 18
Annex Annex A1
Comparison of results obtained using modified and unmodified
Appendices
versions of these procedures might provide useful information
Relationship of Media Appendix X1
concerning new concepts and procedures for conducting multi-
Statistical Guidance Appendix X2
trophic level tests.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
1.4 This practice is arranged as follows: standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
Section
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Referenced Documents 2
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Terminology 3
Summary of Practice 4
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Significance and Use 5
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Apparatus 6
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to us-
Facilities 6.1
Container 6.2
e.Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.
Equipment 6.3
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
Hazards 7
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Microcosm Components 8
Medium 8.1
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Medium Preparation 8.2
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Sediment 8.3
Microcosm Assembly 8.4 mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Test Material 9
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General 9.1
Stock Solution 9.2
2. Referenced Documents
Nutrient Control 9.3
Test Organisms 10
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3978 Practice for Algal Growth Potential Testing with
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environ-
mental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee E50.47 on Biological Effects and Environmental
2
Fate. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally approved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E1366 – 11(2016). DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E1366-23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E1366 − 23
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata 3.3.4 community metabolism, n—the oxygen or carbon di-
E729 Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Test oxide balance of the entire community.
Materials with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphib-
3.3.4.1 Discussion—In this microcosm, community metabo-
ians lism is estimated by the gain in oxygen during the lighted
E943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Envi-
period (an estimate of net photosynthesis—P) and the loss of
ronmental Fate oxygen during the dark period (an estimate of respiration—R).
E1023 Guide for Assessing the Hazard of a Material to
When expresse
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1366 − 11 (Reapproved 2016) E1366 − 23
Standard Practice for
1
Standardized Aquatic Microcosms: Fresh Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1366; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining data concerning toxicity and other effects of a test material to a multi-trophic
level freshwater community.community, independent of the location of the test.
1.2 These procedures also might be useful for studying the fate of test materials and transformation products, although
modifications and additional analytical procedures might be necessary.
1.3 Modification of these procedures might be justified by special needs or circumstances. Although using appropriate procedures
is more important than following prescribed procedures, results of tests conducted using unusual procedures are not likely to be
comparable to results of many other tests. Comparison of results obtained using modified and unmodified versions of these
procedures might provide useful information concerning new concepts and procedures for conducting multi-trophic level tests.
1.4 This practice is arranged as follows:
Section
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
Summary of Practice 4
Significance and Use 5
Apparatus 6
Facilities 6.1
Container 6.2
Equipment 6.3
Hazards 7
Microcosm Components 8
Medium 8.1
Medium Preparation 8.2
Sediment 8.3
Microcosm Assembly 8.4
Test Material 9
General 9.1
Stock Solution 9.2
Nutrient Control 9.3
Test Concentration(s) 9.4
Test Organisms 10
Algae 10.1
Animals 10.2
Specificity of Organisms 10.3
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee E50.47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2016June 1, 2023. Published May 2016July 2023. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as
E1366 – 11.E1366 – 11(2016). DOI: 10.1520/E1366-11R16.10.1520/E1366-23.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1366 − 23
Sources 10.4
Algal Culture Maintenance 10.5
Animal Culture Maintenance 10.6
Section
Procedure 11
Experimental Design 11.1
Procedure
Inoculation 11.2
Culling 11.3
Addition of Test Material 11.4
Measurements 11.5
Reinoculations 11.6
Analytical Methodology 12
Data Processing 13
Calculations of Variables from Measurements 14
Statistical Analyses 15
Acceptability of Test 16
Interpretation of Results 17
Report 18
Annex Annex A1
Appendices
Relationship of Media Appendix X1
Statistical Guidance Appendix X2
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3978 Practice for Algal Growth Potential Testing with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
E729 Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Test Materials with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians
E943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Environmental Fate
E1023 Guide for Assessing the Hazard of a Material to Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses
E1192 Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Aqueous Ambient Samples and Effluents with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates,
and Amphibians
E1193 Guide for Conducting Daphnia magna Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests
E1733 Guide for Use of Lighting in Laboratory Testing
IEEE/SI 10 American National Standard for
...
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